1846: German astronomer Johann Gottfried Galle is the first person to see Neptune, the eighth planet of the Solar System, from the Berlin Observatory (with the assistance of his student Heinrich Louis d’Arrest and knowing where to look, thanks to the calculations of Urbain Jean Joseph Le Verrier).
1917: A congress of delegates of ethnic groups of the former Russian empire convenes in Kyiv.
1919: A joint meeting of the Directorate (Directory), the government of the Ukrainian National Republic (UNR), and the West Ukrainian People’s Republic (ZUNR) resolves to commence military operations against Denikin’s army forthwith.
1942: The Nazis raze Kortelisy, a village in Volyn, after shooting all of its 2,892 residents.
1943: The Nazis annihilate the ghetto in Vilnius. This date is now marked as The Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Genocide in Lithuania.
1944: Soviet troops cross the Hungarian border.
1996: The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty is open for signing and ratification.
